为保障铁路长期安全稳定运营，利用自制的道砟集料渗透试验装置对道砟集料在不同服役状态下渗透性能进行研究，进而探讨道床渗水性能的演化规律.首先，以符合特级碎石道砟标准的洁净道砟集料为研究对象，分析道砟级配不均匀系数和平均粒径对道砟集料渗透性能的影响；其次，将粉煤灰和细砂作为脏污，根据试验需求将其加入洁净道砟集料的上层、中层和下层，进而模拟既有线路中的道床脏污分布情况，探讨脏污程度、脏污成分及脏污分布形式对道砟集料渗透性能的影响；最后，设置不同初始密度和施加垂向荷载作用，调查密度及垂向荷载对道砟集料渗透性能的影响.研究结果表明：道砟集料内无脏污时，当道砟集料的不均匀系数越小、平均粒径越大，其渗透系数越大，渗透性能越强；道砟集料内存在脏污时，当道砟集料所含脏污程度越高、脏污材质粒径越小、脏污分布越集中，道砟集料的渗透系数越小，渗透性能越弱；当道砟集料的初始密度越小时，洁净道砟集料的渗透系数将越大，渗透性能将逐渐增强，而含脏污道砟集料的渗透系数将越小，渗透性能将逐渐减弱；当道砟集料表面承受的垂向荷载越大时，含脏污道砟集料的渗透性能越差，且在加、卸载过程中，道砟集料会发生塑性变形，卸载后其渗透系数无法恢复到加载前.

To ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of railways, this study employs a self-designed permeameter to investigate the permeability of ballast aggregates under various service conditions, aiming to reveal the evolution patterns of ballast bed seepage performance. First, clean ballast aggregates meeting the premium crushed stone ballast standard are selected to analyze the effects of gradation non-uniformity coefficient and mean particle size on ballast aggregates permeability. Next, fly ash and fine sand are introduced as fouling agents and added to the upper, middle, and lower layers of clean ballast aggregates to simulate fouling distributions in existing ballast bed. The impacts of fouling degree, composition, and distribution on ballast aggregates permeability are systematically examined. Finally, by varying initial densities and applying vertical loads, the effects of initial density and applied vertical load on ballast aggregates permeability are studied. Results indicate that, in the absence of contamination within the ballast aggregates, a smaller non-uniformity coefficient and larger average particle size correspond to higher permeability and hydraulic conductivity. Conversely, the presence of contamination within the ballast aggregates, with higher contamination levels, smaller contaminant particle sizes, and more concentrated distribution, results in a smaller hydraulic conductivity and weaker permeability. Moreover, clean ballast aggregates with lower initial density result in a greater hydraulic conductivity and gradually enhanced permeability, while contaminated aggregates with lower initial density show a reduced hydraulic conductivity and diminishing permeability. Additionally, the permeability of contaminated ballast aggregates decreases with higher vertical loads due to plastic deformation during loading, preventing permeability from fully recovering after unloading.

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铁路有砟道床渗透性能及其影响因素的试验研究

王威, 雷赛, 杨治邦, 张田爽, 肖键

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raybetapp官网 学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4) : 165-175. DOI: 10.11860/j.issn.1673-0291.20250007

智能检测与基础设施健康管理

铁路有砟道床渗透性能及其影响因素的试验研究

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